Umbrella Man Essay Example

Umbrella Man Essay Ashley Delgado Humanities/History Ms. Stone November 22, 2010 Conspiracy Theory: The Umbrella Man On November 22, 1963, President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, also known as â€Å"JFK,† was assassinated in the Dealey Plaza located in Dallas, Texas. Many believe that there was only one assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald. The Umbrella Man, another conspiracy theory along with many others, says different. The conspiracy of the â€Å"Umbrella Man† involved two men, one with an umbrella and one at the corner of a street with his arm in the air. In photos taken before and after the shooting, the man with the umbrella opens the umbrella, closes it, then pumps it open about two feet in the air. This conspiracy theory has many twists to it. During the Bay of Pigs invasion, the CIA wanted an â€Å"umbrella air protection of the invaders. † Kennedy did not approve, therefore some believed the umbrella was to symbolize that decision. The most recent theory believed was the umbrella was a dart-firing weapon. Most believe that it was a signal for the gunman that fired the shots that killed President Kennedy. The Warren Commissions theory states that Lee Harvey Oswald was the only assassin and there were three shots fired, killing President Kennedy and wounding Governor Connally. At least more than two people had involved in the â€Å"Umbrella Man† conspiracy. We only know about the two men, the man with the umbrella and the man at the corner of the street with his arm in the air. These two men could have been the only men if the umbrella was in fact, a dart-firing weapon. We will write a custom essay sample on Umbrella Man specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Umbrella Man specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Umbrella Man specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer During the investigation, the Warren Commission ignored the two men involved with the umbrella. The â€Å"Umbrella Man† theory could have been what actually happened to President Kennedy. In pictures taken before and after the shooting, there are pictures of the man with the umbrella. There was also no need for the umbrella because there was no rain, it was a sunny day. If these two men were the ones who killed President Kennedy, the Warren Commission conspiracy would be incorrect. I believe this theory could be correct because of all he pictures that show evidence. There are many theories and conspiracies that could have killed JFK, but we do not know which one. Work Cited: Ecker, Ron. The Umbrella Man. Selected Works of Ronald L. Ecker. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. http://hobrad. angelfire. com/umbrella. html Schuster, Ralph â€Å"The Umbrella Man. † 4 March 2006. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. http://www. jfk-assassination. de/articles/umbrella. php The Warren Commission. Spartacus Educational Home Page. 20 Nov. 1988. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. http://www. spartacus. schoolnet. co. uk/JFKwarrenR. htm

Akons Hospital Essay Example

Akons Hospital Essay Example Akons Hospital Essay Akons Hospital Essay Akron Children’s Hospital started as a day care nursery provider in 1890 and became one of the largest pediatric healthcare system in the united state. Akron Children’s Hospital is located in a friendly community of Akron, Ohio. With more than 3000 pediatric specialists Akron Children’s Hospital offers over 30 practice areas of medicine and surgery specialized for children which help the hospital draw over half a million patients a year not only from the United states, but also from all over the world(akronchildrens. org). Akron Children’s Hospital mission is to provide medical treatments to infants, children, adolescents, as well as burn victims of all ages. The hospital also provide basic and clinical research and provide multi-level professional education students of medicine, nursing, as well as Akron residents and various allied health professions. Moreover, the hospital is continuing to provide education to encourage and to make it easy on the process of lifelong learning for physicians and other children’s care providers in the health care industry. Akron Children’s Hospital commitment is to maintain the maximum quality of care for children by using the latest modern technology and equipment available. Akron is committed to promote integrity, emphasize the dignity, family member and fellow employee to follow the topmost standards of ethical conduct. The hospital is committed to maintain and press forward the hospital’s leadership role to successfully work pleasantly with other health care networks providers, community organizations, businesses as well as government to maintain a proficient professional allied and lastly operation. According to Cooper Schindler† the basic dilemma and starting trying to develop other question by breaking down the original question is the right way to approach the research process†( Cooper Schindler,2008). The management-research question hierarchy for Akron Children’s Hospital is that the hospital faces is how to raise the bed-occupancy rate and what can the hospital do to gain more business than its competitors. Another dilemma in Akron’s case the management is that Akron Children’s hospital distinguishing itself from many of their competitors. The research question for Akron Children’s hospital was about expending their service beyond Summit County to other different counties such as Cuyahoga County, Portage County, Mahoning County, and Medina County, which will increase the number of the patient and bring more profit. Some of the investigative questions for Akron Children’s hospital were as follow: How do children’s parent decides which hospital to take their children to, when their children need acute care? Is their decision driven simply by emotion? Is the financing a determine factor? Is the quality of service a factor on their decision? (Cooper Schindler, 2008). During the research process Marcus Tomas LLC team had to observed physicians, parents, and child patients during testing, diagnosis, and treatment phases, they were also observing while kids were during checkups, admitted to the ER, undergoing surgery as well as prepping for surgery. They pay great detail to the interactions of patients and physicians, nurses and other staff members; they pay attention, physical and emotional reactions and heart-wrenching conversations (Copper, Schindler, 2008, cases, p. 2). The Advantages of it all is that researcher s can see a step- by-step first-hand the experiences between parents, children and hospital staff in the hospital. Furthermore, Researchers can immediately record their observances and findings. The recordings of audio or video were very good solid evidence therefore there weren’t not a lot of room for error in this method. Researchers made sure that all staff of the hospital was fully invested into the well-being of their child patients. The researchers were able to see how technology, highly energetic staff, highly knowledgeable staff and full compassion for the children work in collaboration. They saw a very strong desire by the entire hospital for the children recover and be the best they can possibly be once leaving the hospital. Some of the disadvantages are that researchers did not gain any knowledge of past experiences if all they do is watching the present. Researchers cannot really gain opinions by this method. Equipment and staffing can be extremely expensive. Some test subjects may act different or be more anxious if they know someone is watching and/or recording interactions. Conclusively Akron Children’s Hospital management and executives have come to conclusion and realized that the process of overcome the competitors surfing above competitor’s shadow, also generating an effective marketing plan will require an extensive qualitative research. They made a decision of hiring Marcus Thomas LLC. Overall the research was well executed because in the long run Akron Children’s Hospital was able to gain an increase on the number of patients admitted to the hospital, as the result of a better comprehension based on the patients’ parent point of view about their needs and their perspectives. References Cooper, R. D. , Schindler, S. P. (2008). Business Research Methods. (10th Edition) New York: McGray-Hill/Irwin. Cooper, R. D. , Schindler, S. P. (2008). Business Research Methods Cases. (10th Edition) New York: McGray-Hill/Irwin. (N. D). (2010). Corporate info. Akronchildrens. org. Retrieved May 23, 2013 from: https://www. akronchildrens. org/cms/site/14908a4d74b348d5/index. html (N. D). (2010). Akron Childrens Hospital, Ohio /overview. U. S. News World. Retrieved May 23, 2013 from:http://health. usnews. com/best-hospitals/akron-childrens-

The secret life of bees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The secret life of bees - Essay Example olding of occurrences at the household of the Boatwright sisters and the community of worshippers of Our Lady of Chains, the Black Madonna, accorded opportunities for Lily to find what she was looking for. The primary character and narrator of the story is Lily, who was searching for answers regarding her mother’s past, prior to the event of her death. The struggles she was subjected to h encompasses theories of psychosocial framework delving into concepts of trust (in oneself and in T-Ray), guilt (due to the death of her mother), isolation (feeling alone and lonely), role confusion (her perception of being a girl and not acting like one) and feelings of despair (due to the loss of Lily’s mother). The story evolved in finding solutions to her dilemma through the assistance of a group (the Boatwright sisters and the community of worshippers) who were instrumental in giving her the much needed support and love, as well as the answers she was looking for. Her experiences of living and working with bees gave her the strength to accept the things that she could not change (being abandoned by her mother, the way her father treats her, racial inequalities, among others) and the resilience to accept what she has (her talents in writing, taking care of bees, being in love with Zach despite racial differences). The lesson of learning to accept the need to reveal the truth, despite its painful memory, as she revealed everything to August set her free and provided the impetus for understanding the facts about her mother’s abandoning her and T-Ray. This enabled her to move on and to actually forgive his father and to open herself to the love that Boatwright sisters and the community of worshippers give her. The Secret Life of Bees presented an analogy between Lily, as a bee, in search of her mother (the Queen). The secret she kept from the Boatwright sisters, though not immediately revealed, has caused her fear, anxiety and insecurities with regard to her relationships

Journal Reviews Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Journal Reviews - Essay Example This essay stresses that the first article was very short but compact and generally complete in the sense that it had covered all the important points regarding appendicitis. It was able to discuss all various signs and symptoms associated with it, the necessary pre-operative and post-operative procedures to be followed to ensure fast recovery. The article could have devoted more space to what temporary emergency measures can be taken by people who has a friend or relative who has a ruptured appendix but cannot be brought to a hospital immediately for one reason or another. This paper makes a conclusion that the second article was excellent in explaining the signs and symptoms of the more common musculoskeletal conditions especially now that there are older people in the overall general population due to demographic trends. It had discussed in outline form some of the common pathology of these medical conditions, what a nurse should look out for, how to do it and the steps to be taken to minimize pain among the sufferers. The article is very useful for nursing practitioners today because they are often in the first line of contact with patients who present in primary care and urgent care settings today. More people are now being affected by OA and RA due to their lifestyles and this article is helpful also to those with musculoskeletal conditions so they understand what is happening to them, avoid certain foods and to improve their own chances of recovery if they are admitted.

Social inequality (contrast between UK and Brazil) Essay

Social inequality (contrast between UK and Brazil) - Essay Example Differences in living standards is evident in that there are people who live in luxurious houses while others live in slums, differences in life expectancy can be associated with proper health accessed by the rich and not by the poor, conflict in the society is associated with what Karl Marx referred to as polarisation between classes resulting to a revolution and finally progress will occur in the society in that the rich will inspire the poor to become rich. The conflict perspective of inequality by Karl Marx perceives inequality as one that does not play a useful role in society, Karl argues that all societies have two groups of people the owners of resources to production and the workers, the rich exploit the workers to make more profits through more working hours and low wages, the rich want to maintain the status quo while the workers want to change the existing situation and therefore there is always conflict in the society.2 The functionalist perspective by Davis and Moore perceive society stratification and inequality as one that plays a role in the proper working of society, according to this theory all social systems share certain functional prerequisite which must be met for the society to operate efficiently. One of these prerequisites is effective role allocation and performance and this means that all roles must be filled by those who are best able to perform them and that roles must be performed well by trained individuals. The mechanism that ensures proper role allocation is social stratification, roles are different in terms of importance and therefore there is the need to attach unequal rewards to the role.3 Living standards in the UK are higher than those of Brazil, this is attributed by the fact that the UK is more developed and industrialised; therefore the inequalities in the UK are better off compared to cases of inequalities in Brazil. Higher incomes in the UK are one

Change and operational and Strategic change

Change and operational and Strategic change Referring to the Mount Marion Care Home (MMCH), it can be considered as a small scale institution which is equipped with just a hundred of beds also with relatively small crew of workers. It is clear that the institution is running at a small budget depending on its limited capabilities. Therefore, according to the team leader who was appointed at that day, the allocation of crew members per one floor was just four in order to take care of twenty users. But the cares has demanded for more crew members for the service by stating that the allocation of me the members may not be adequate for the service. Not only that the carers were not agreed with decision of the team leader which allocation of lesser number of pads for the patients. The carers were not given any support and the guidance from the team leader regarding the caring process of incontinent patients under the limited number of crew members at such an emergency situation. Therefore, there was a mixed up between the carers in relation to their health care process and lead to some few issues such as breaking the hip bone and a severe muscle pull on the customers. By analyzing the situation at the MMCH, it is clear that there should be an operational change along with technological change and the strategic change may be required in the health care process in relation to staff members to act in an appropriate way at such an emergency situation. 1.2 Triggers of change Considering the external business environment in relation to the MMCH it may be more dynamic and complex. Therefore it is required to conduct PESTEL analysis in regular basis. By using PESTEL analysis it may be much easier to identify the most of the significant changes in the business environment. Considering the concepts on human resource management and the outsourcing may also triggers the change. Therefore, those concepts together with PESTEL may enable the management to examine those changes and to revise their previous assumptions. 1.2.1 PESTEL analysis on MMCH The decisions of the management of the MMCH may be influenced by the factors of the macro business environment. Those factors may be trade barriers, changes of tax and tariffs and new implementation of laws and acts. Referring to the political factors in relation to PESTEL analysis, it may consist of governments economic policies, subsidiaries and also the business support priority. Such kind of political decisions may generate impacts on health, the level of education of the work force and the other infra structure facilities such as transport. Since the MMCH is considered as a health related business institution, the education level of the crew and the infra structure facilities like transport may be vital. Interest rates, changes of tariffs and taxes, the inflation and the changes in exchange rate can be considered under the economic factors. According to the economists, the behavior of the business can be influenced by a greater degree by the economic change. For an example, the increased interest rates may discourage the investors. Similarly, the inflation may cause the rise of the demands of workers for more salaries and wage. In contrast, the increased national income may result in the increased demand for the services of the business firms such as MMCH. The demand for the health service of MMCH and the willingness to work of the employees may be influence by the social factors. For an example, if it is an aging population there will be an increased demand for the health services and medicines rather than the other services. Considering the technological factors, it may consist of the products which have been made as a result of the technological development. In relation to the health services the OMR scanning technology and electro cardio gram (ECG) can be considered as examples. The critical thing is that, the technology may have the potential to reduce costs with improved quality of services which can be lead to an innovation. Therefore, with the advancements of the technology MMCH may have the potential to treat their customers with improved service at a lower price. Changes of the weather and climate can be considered under environmental factors. Those factors may have the capability of generating impacts on peoples health. For an example increased global temperature may result in the increased susceptibility to out breaks by insects such as Dengue. Such kind of changes may affect on the pattern of demand and the business opportunities of the health institutions such as MMCH. Legal factors consist of the factors which are related to the legal environment of a business where it operates. For an example, increased minimum wage limit of the workers may affect the current action of the firms. Referring to the firms such as MMCH which is based on health services it is required to develop new systems and procedure at such a situation. 1.2.2 Out sourcing and the human resource management Out sourcing is known as the involvement of the external service provider in the means of contract basis for a business function (Overby, 2007). Out sourcing process is being used in the most of the firms in order to obtain various benefits such as saving of the production cost, cost restructuring, and improve the capacity for innovation and expertisation of operations etc. therefore, referring to the MMCH outsourcing the labour force may be a good option since the firm is running out of small budget. Human resource management can be considered as the management of the firms employees as a resource. It consists of four major components such as administration of personnel, organization management, managing the labor force and the managing the industry. HRM strategy possesses that the way of implementing the function of human resource management on a business. In common, HRM strategy consist of thee major components such as close cooperation, best practice and the continuous monitoring. Though the implementation of HRM strategy is not compulsory, when considering the issues regarding the management of MMCH it may be required for the smooth operation of MMCH in the business environment. 1.3 Operational and strategic change The change that would be expected in MMCH would be basically divided in to two phases. Strategic change Operational change Considering the strategic change it can be considered as a field which is influenced by the decisions of the management. It includes the maximum utilization of resources in terms of improving the performance of a business in the business environment. In relation to MMCH, it may focus on the meeting the MMCHs objective and vision in terms of implementing the novel policies and other plans. For an example, implementation of new quality standards for the service of the hospital can be considered. In contrast, the operational change may include the technological advances in relation to the quality and the efficiency of the service. With the globalization, novel techniques are being developing especially in relation to health service. For as example CT scanning technology, radio therapy and other developments can be considered. Therefore, the future change should be include those both phases of changes. L.O 2 Role of the manager and the making models 2.1 Role of the manager at MMCH The role of the manager can be classified under several elements. When the change should be implemented and what would be the purpose and who has to engage in different tasks. Promote discussions and assigning the different tasks, depending the capabilities of members. Produce the time bond for the assigned task. Plan development. Act as a role model To achieve the role of manager the appropriate model making process is important in the business. Therefore, different model making studies should be studied and should use a blend of that models which would be appropriate. 2.2 Studies of Kotler on transformational process John Kotler had studied about the influence of the change of initiatives on failures and the success of a business. Kotler has revealed that in successful cases, the change process occurred in the series of phases during an extensive time-span and he skipping of steps may cause unsatisfactory results at the end (Kotler, 1996). The phases that should be taken place in the process can be divided in to eight phases. Creation of a requirement of urgency Formation of a powerful guiding alliance Vision creation Stating the vision targeting the community Authorize members to take part on the vision Planning process and acquiring short-term success Combine the improvements and maintaining the force for change moving Admitting novel approaches Identification of vulnerability of the business may be the generation of the requirement of the urgency for a business. In relation to MMCH the management and the crew had already identified the vulnerability of the business with that issue occurred. According to Kotler (Kotler, 1996) if at least 75 % of the management has persuaded that business as normal may not be a acceptable plan in the future. Guiding alliance may be started with just few people. But, in long term the team should be expand continuously by adding new members. Referring to the MMCH in this process, the initial group with few people should be well reputed and talented group. Generation of a picture which can reveal the future of a business may be a better strategy in terms of educating firms customers, employees and also the stake holders about their future. It also facilitates the clarification of a business what is the way they should move in the terms of success. According to Kotler (Kotler, 1996), it is require the management to estimate the requirement of the communication of the prepared vision and that effort should be multiplied by ten. The critical thing is to utilization of the every communication channel and the opportunity. Authorizing the other members to take apart on the vision means allow the members to work on innovative ways and create changes by their involvement. Referring to MMCH, the obstacles which may affect on the firm in greater degree should be overcome. Real transformation process may be a long term process. Therefore, urgency level of the people can be decreased during a long period of time. To avoid that, commitments may be required to make short term business successes to keep the urgency level at high level. Since the transformation process would occur over a long time period, new approaches may be undergo weakening. Similarly, pronouncement of success may affect on negatively on momentum. Therefore, the leaders should take efforts to examine the changes in basic cultures to reveal the relationships in order to move the members in as innovative ways. Two major factors may influence with the institutionalization process such as attempting to aware the people on improvement of the new approaches and ensuring the generation of innovative leaders in the future. Kotler states that among the most of the mistakes, those eight may be major ones and the full of surprises may be behind the successful stories (Kotler, 1996). 2.3 Lewins model of organizational change According to the Lewins, the change of an organization is a progression shift of an organization between two static states (Lewins, 1951). The model consists of three major stages such as unfreezing, changing and re freezing. Unfreezing includes generating the appropriate conditions for a transformational change of a business. The members of a business organization may resist the changes in some situations. For an example the disagreement between the team leader and the crew members of MMCH can be illustrated. For beneficial changes that would result in discomfort. Therefore, the challenge of the leaders may move the people from frozen to unfrozen state tactically. The changing stage also can be identified as transition phase. During that stage the members may aware about the importance of implementing innovative ways in their business. But, the problem is they may not have the correct ideas to be implemented. Therefore, the leadership should train, guide and advocate the members about those innovations. The ultimate objective of this stage is to keep the members at unfrozen stage which have been acquired at the first stage. Refreezing stage can be identified as the establishment of the new stable level with comfort for the existing business by guiding the people back to their familiar and safe environment. The ultimate goal of this stage is to achieve a better frozen state. Through this step, the business can be changed in to stable and high productive stage than the earlier time. L.O 3 Resistance of change Reasons for the resist changes and overcoming the resistances If it is an implementation of a novel plan for the business, there would be some resistant can be created in workers. Those resistant may be due to several reasons. Such as, Increased work load for the carers. Issues regarding the salary. Lack of reliability on novel planning process. Novel plan may be implementing in terms of increasing the efficacy and to improve the quality of the service. Therefore, in some situations the overall work load of the carers may be increased. As a result of that, resistant can be generated in the staff. This can be in cooperated with the issues regarding the salary schemes. Lack of the reliability of workers on novel implementation can be considered as another issue. The issues regarding the work load can be managed by assigning the job responsibilities depending on the capabilities of the staff members or managing the number of the workers by adjusting the budget and the other resources. By managing the company budget, the salary issues can be managed. It can be also managed by cutting off the unnecessary expenditures. Through the continuous awareness programs which are organized by the hospital management, the reliability of the workers on the novel plan implementation can be improved. When considering the novel planning implementation it is critical to overcome the resistance by the staff members to make the implementation process in to success. L.O 4 Impacts of change 4.1 Impact of MMCHs organizational culture on change The attitudes, beliefs and values, experiences and the psychology of a business which is describing in relation to the management and the organizational studies can be identified as the organizational culture (Charles and Gareth 2001). Cultural change may be a complex process which will be taken place during a long time. The process consist of three major steps such as revealing the believes and core values, discuss the differences between core values, checking the in congruencies in and unintended believes and values and choosing which one to be committed and repetition of the steps. As a result of the change, both positive and negative impacts can be generated on the organizational culture. 4.2 Impact on the stake holder There are several types of stakeholders can be identified in a health service such as MMCH. The possible stake holders would be owners, employees, end Consumers, financial community, suppliers, public organizations and the other interested groups. The changes of the plan of a business may affect on stake holders both positive and negatively. When considering the positive impacts the increased budget for the MMCH may encourage the stake holders to engage in the business process more than earlier. Increased shares of the business to the public may increase the involvement of the public to the business. In contrast, the increased competition between the stake holders may cause to discourage the stake holders in the engagement of the business. L.O 5 Different leadership strategies 5.1 The team work and the management Three basic components can be identified in a team work. Those three may be the environment, leader and the subordinates. The critical thing is the components are independent. The responsibility of the manager is to create an environment where the subordinates may favorable to work. The manager should examine the different unique potentials of the subordinates and where it can be applied effectively. The manager should have the capability of guiding the team towards a common goal. The ultimate output would be the efficiency of work. Referring to the MMCH, the management should make the environment where the crew can work favorably. This may include allowances and other benefits depending on their capability of work, adjusting the budget depending on the demand, recruiting the new members as per the requirement and monitoring the quality standards of in relation to equipments and services of MMCH. The management should also identify the potentials of the different individual workers. By using that, they can admit the most suitable crew member to meet they expected under the each section of the hospital. 5.2 Strengths and weaknesses of leadership strategies Leadership for an organization can create both positive and negative results (Michael, 2010). Referring to the positive results, leadership has the capability to show support and assurance in relation to the attempt of the members. It also prevents the team from time wastage regarding the pre determined recommendations. Leadership may have the capability of providing the underlying theory and the historical background regarding a decision. It also examines and understands the direct issues of the team and the reasons for raising such kind of issues. Considering the negative results, in some situations leadership may restrain the creativity and the discussions of members of an organization by dominating with the ideas by neglecting the other options by the members. Similarly, leadership may obstruct the team from possessing the credit and the possession of the success. 5.3 Recommendations within the context of MMCH Referring to the context of MMCH, recommendations can be presented for smooth operation of the firm in the health care service. Depending on the issues which have occurred regarding the crew members the one of the recommendation is to the number of the staff members by recruiting new members. Considering the budget which is currently allocated for MMCH it should be increased up to adequate level. Depending on that budget, the management can decide whether the new staff members to be recruited at contract basis or permanent basis or outsource basis. The improvement of the intra and inter personnel communication between the staff members can be considered as another critical suggestion. Because, its clear that issues were occurred due to the lack of communication skills and technological skills. To achieve that improved skills, training programs can be arranged and the modern technology can be in cooperated with those programs. The whole team should be focussed on treating their customers with a service achiving high quality of statdards. For that, the self evaluation programs can be conducted continulously. Separate sipervising panel can be selected and appointed among the hospital management to go through the feed back and the complains from the public. Unnoticed visits can be arranged with in the premises to make sure that the workers are stick to that quality standards. 5.4 Conclusion MMCH is a business which is mainly focused on the health of their customers. Since, focusing the health the customers should be treated with a high quality service with a high efficiency. PESTEL analysis, concepts of human resource management and also the out sourcing of the staff members may trigger the situational change. Considering the business as a transformational process, following the studies of Kotler may lead the transformational process to become a well organized one. Similarly, Lewins model of organizational change may lead to the generation of successful model in relation to the transformational process. Finally, the purposed suggestions for the survival in the business environment should be accompanied by the effective leadership strategies supported by the hospital staff as a team.

Lucent Technologies :: essays research papers fc

Lucent Technologies BACKGROUND   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1996, AT&T decided to split into three different companies. These new companies were the new AT&T, NCR, and Lucent Technologies. Lucent Technologies is one of the leading designers, developers, and manufacturers of telecommunications systems, software, and products.1 They are beginning to emerge as a Fortune 40 company. Lucent Technologies builds local networks, business telephone systems, and consumer telephones that access the global networks.2 Lucent Technologies was launched with an initial public stock offering in April.3 AT&T owns an 82% share of the company.4 KEY PERSONNEL   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lucent technologies has 125,000 employees worldwide. Approximately 82% of its employees come from the United States and the other 18% come from foreign countries.5 Lucent Technologies has offices in more than 90 countries, and Bell Labs has offices in 13 countries.6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The chairman and chief executive officer is Henry B. Schacht. Schacht has been on AT&T's board of directors since 1981. He has also held chairman and chief executive officer positions at Cummings Engine Company, INC.7   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lucent Technologies' President and chief operating officer is Richard A. McGinn. McGinn joined AT&T in 1978. He has previously served as executive vice president and chief executive officer of AT&T's network group. From 1994 to 1996, McGinn served on the AT&T management executive committee.8 BUSINESS STRUCTURE   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lucent Technologies is composed of four operating units. These four units are: Business Communication Systems, Consumer Products, Microelectronics Group, and Network Systems. These units are designed to work together to provide innovative and cost-efficient solutions for customers. Bell Laboratories supports each group.9   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bell Laboratories is a research and development organization that is recognized throughout the world for its achievements in science and technology. Currently, Bell Laboratories is focusing on developing: Digital signal processor algorithms, Lightwave communications (photonics), Networking, Silicon chips, Software, and Wireless communications.10   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Business Communications Systems design, manufacture, install, and service advanced voice and multimedia systems worldwide.11 Consumer Products design, manufacture, sell, and lease communications products for consumers, small offices, and home offices. In 1995 in the United States, Consumer Products sold 31% of the corded phones, 28% of the cordless phones, and 35% of answering machines.12 The Microelectronics Group makes integrated circuits, power systems, and optoelectronic components for Lucent Technologies.13 The largest unit of Lucent Technologies is the Network Systems. The Network Systems designs, develops, and manufactures networking systems and software for telecommunications providers, wireless communications is growing at an annual rate of 33 percent.14 BUSINESS STRATEGY   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The worldwide demand for communications systems is booming. Lucent Technologies is predicting a 10% annual growth for the communications industry. The business is pursuing growth opportunities around the world and is trying to build on Bell Laboratories established global relationships with its key customers. 15   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Much emphasis for advancement is being put on the areas of Wireless